Which of the following is NOT typically considered a component of user engagement?

Landing pages are designed primarily as a destination for users to visit, often aimed at prompting specific actions such as completing a purchase or signing up for a newsletter. While they play a crucial role in the overall digital marketing strategy by capturing leads and facilitating conversions, they do not directly measure user engagement in the same way that likes, shares, and comments do.

Likes, shares, and comments are forms of interaction that indicate how users are engaging with content on social media platforms or websites. They reflect users' responses and involvement with content, showcasing their interest and encouraging further interaction. In contrast, landing pages serve more as a tool for conversion rather than a direct measure of engagement or interaction with the ongoing content. Thus, they do not fit the traditional components associated with user engagement metrics, which are directly linked to user participation and feedback. This distinction highlights why landing pages would not be included as a typical component of user engagement.